From the coursefrom the course, Chem/Phys
A buffer is made from a weak acid with pKa 6.8 and its conjugate base. At pH 7.8, what is the ratio [base]/[acid]?
Pick one. The red pen does the rest.
Why D: 7.8 = 6.8 + log(ratio), so log(ratio) = 1 and the ratio is 10.
Why each choice fails
- ADirection reversed: 0.1 is [acid]/[base]; above the pKa, the base form dominates.
- BConditions ignored: a 1 : 1 ratio holds only when pH = pKa.
- CScale slip: 1.15 divides 7.8 by 6.8; the ratio is 10 raised to the difference.
- DHolds: one pH unit above the pKa, base outnumbers acid tenfold.